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[饲养常识] 【苏苏知识】看成份表了解狗粮品质(含个案分析)~~~"飞砖业"

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发表于 2013-10-16 21:08:04 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

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看成份表了解狗粮品质(含个案分析)~~~"飞砖业"

by 大狗爪

狗粮的成份表中包含了非常重要的讯息,通过看成份表,我们能大致上知道狗粮的品质如何.
这个"飞砖业"的入门级是给新朋友们看的,一样欢迎老朋友们看

成份表很长,但按下面说的三点,最多只需要看前面十项,就能对狗粮的品质心中有数.

当然评定一支狗粮的好坏,绝对不会只是用三点对照前十项这么简单
但是,如果三点都基本满足了,这支狗粮的也不会差到哪里去
如果三点都不满足,那么这么狗粮一定就不好
 楼主| 发表于 2013-10-16 21:08:19 | 显示全部楼层
第一点:第一个脂肪来源及其保鲜剂-优质动物脂肪和天然保鲜剂

很多人都知道,成份表是按重量从大到小排列的.
在长长的成份表面前,我们如何分辨哪些是主要成份?是前三项?还是前五项?又或者是其它?

这就是我把脂肪放在第一点的原因:
指南:第一个脂肪及其之前列出的成份是主要成份.
(在个案分析中已用下划线标记,详见个案分析)

通常,第一个脂肪来源出现在成份表的第五项到第十项之间

常见的优质脂肪:鸡脂Chicken Fat

常见的低质脂肪:
牛脂Tallow,猪脂Pork Fat/Lard
未标明品种的脂肪,如:动物脂肪Animal Fat,禽脂肪Poultry Fat,Oils and fats

常见的优质天然保鲜剂:
维生素E tocopherols, 维生素C citric acid,迷迭香榨取物Rosemary extract

常见的有害保鲜剂:
BHA(Butylated Hydroxyanisole),BHT(Butylated Hydroxytoluene),Propyl Gallate,potassium sorbate.

第二点:肉类--越多优质肉产品越好

狗需要大量的动物蛋白,所以狗狗需要meat, meat and more meat products.

肉产品分为鲜肉meat和肉粉meal两种(如:lamb指鲜羊肉,lamb meal指羊肉粉)
其实肉粉含肉量比鲜肉高,因为鲜肉里80%的是水.

判断含肉量达标的简单指南: 前三项有两项或以上是肉产品 或 前五项有三项或以上是肉产品
注意,上面说的只是一个guide,并不rule

优质肉产品,
较常见:鸡肉chiken(meal),羊肉lamb(meal),火鸡肉Turkey(meal)
较少见:兔肉Rabbit(meal),鹿肉肉venison(meal),鸭肉Duck(meal),牛肉beef(meal),野牛肉buffalo(meal),野牛肉Bison(meal),一种鳟鱼肉whitefish(meal),青鱼肉herring(meal),三文鱼肉salmon(meal),鲱鱼肉Menhaden Fish(meal)

常见的低质肉产品:
肉类副产品byproduct,如:鸡类副产品Chicken byproduct, 血粉Blood Meal, 肝粉Liver Meal, 消化物digest
未标明品种的肉产品,如Meat Meal,Poultry Meal,Fish Meal
肉骨粉,如Beef & Bone Meal,Pork & Bone Meal

另外,鸡蛋也是很好的蛋白质来源
全蛋egg比蛋产品egg product优质,egg product又比egg derivatives优质

最后,在选购美国产的以鱼类作为主要成份的狗粮时要查看是否有Ethoxyquin-free声明
Ethoxyquin是鱼类保鲜剂,被认为有害
我们不会在成份表中找到,因为Ethoxyquin是由鱼肉供应商在运输前添加的
但我们可以从包装袋和狗粮制造商网站上查看是否有Ethoxyquin-free的声明

第三点:谷类--质优量少

狗并不需要大量的碳水化合物,
狗狗的碳水化合物来源是少量的优质谷类和优质蔬菜

这里也顺带提一下优质蔬菜(不在三点之内)
作为主要碳水化合物来源的优质蔬菜有:
马铃薯Potatoes,红薯Sweet potatoes,木薯tapioca,红薯Sweet potatoes,豌豆pea

常见的优质谷类
整颗原粒的大麦barley/白米Rice/糙米brown rice/黍millet
燕麦oats/oatmeal

常见的低质谷类:
整颗的玉米Corn(maizeis)及其大部分产品,如,corn gluten meal,Kibbled corn
整颗的小麦wheat及其大部分产品,如:Wheatfeed,kibbled wheat,Wheat Middlings
整颗的大豆Soybean及其大部分产品,如:Soybean meal
釀酒用米Brewers Rice, Sorghum
面粉flour:Rice flour, Soy Flour,Oat flour
XXX 副产品,如:麸XXX bran,外壳XXX hull,碾製XXX Run/Mill,XXX Middlings
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 楼主| 发表于 2013-10-16 21:08:44 | 显示全部楼层
下面开始实例分析:用之前说的三点来分析六个不同星级的狗粮

某6星级狗粮成分表:
Chicken Meal, Chicken, Turkey, Turkey Meal, Potato, Chicken Fat( preserved with Mixed Tocopherols), Herring Meal, Peas, Tomato Pomace, Natural Flavor, Salmon, Duck, Salmon Meal, Salmon Oil, Dried Whole Egg, Flax Seed Oil, Brewers Yeast, Pea Fiber, Potassium Chloride, Calcium Carbonate, Taurine, Choline Chloride, Chicory Root Extract, MOS, Pumpkin, Apples, Carrots, Bananas, Blueberries, Cranberries, Lentils, Alfalfa Sprouts, Digestive Enzymes, Probiotics, Vitamins,Chelated inerals, Yucca
脂肪及其保鲜剂:OK
肉类:质优量足,前面四项都是肉产品
谷类:无谷类,使用土豆Potato做为碳水化合物的主要来源
小评:传说中的..高级...

某5星级狗粮成分表:
Chicken Meal, Turkey Meal, Brown Rice, White Rice, Lamb Meal, Chicken Fat (preserved with Mixed Tocopherols),Herring Meal, Flax Seed, Sun Cured Alfalfa Meal, Sunflower Oil, Chicken, Lecithin, Monocalcium Phosphate,Potassium Chloride, Choline Chloride, Linoleic Acid, Rosemary Extract, Sage Extract, Dried Enterococcus Faecium,Dried Lactobacillus Acidophilus Fermentation Product, Dried Aspergillus Oryzae Fermentation Extract, Dried Bacillus Subtilis Fermentation Extract, Inulin (from Chicory root), Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Fermentation Solubles, Yucca Schidigera Extract, Mixed Tocopherols (source of Vitamin E), Zinc Amino Acid Chelate, Manganese Amino Acid Chelate, Iron Amino Acid Chelate, Copper Amino Acid Chelate, Cobalt Amino Acid Chelate, Vitamin A Supplement, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Ascorbic Acid (source of Vitamin C), Niacin, Thiamine Mononitrate (Vitamin B1), Riboflavin (source of B2), Beta Carotene, Calcium Pantothenate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Vitamin B6), Calcium Iodate, Folic Acid, D-Biotin, Sodium Selenite, Papaya, Vitamin B12 Supplement.
脂肪及其保鲜剂:OK
肉类:质优量足,第一二五项是肉产品
谷类:谷类量少质优(前五项中只有二个谷类)
小评:不愧被WDJ杂志所推荐...

某4星级狗粮成分表:  
Duck, Chicken Meal, Chicken, Oatmeal, Pearled Barley, Brown Rice, Menhaden Fish Meal, Lamb, Potato, Tomato Pomace, Whole Egg, Chicken Fat (preserved with Mixed Tocopherols and Citric Acid), Salmon Oil (preserved with Mixed Tocopherols), Cheese, Flaxseed, Brewers Dried Yeast, Alfalfa Meal, Carrots, Lettuce, Celery, Lecithin, Chicken Cartilage, Calcium Sulfate, Salt, Potassium Chloride, DL-Methionine, Chicory Root Extract,Yucca Schidigera Extract, Lactobacillus Acidophilus, Bifidobacterium Longum, Lactobacillus Plantarum, Enterococcous Faecium, Vitamin A, D3, E, B12 Supplements, Choline Chloride, Niacin, Pantothenic Acid, Ascorbic Acid, Riboflavin, Thiamine Mononitrate, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride, Folic Acid, Biotin, Zinc Sulfate, Iron Carbonate, Manganous Oxide, Copper Oxide, Cobalt Carbonate, Calcium Iodate, Sorbic Acid, Iron Proteinate,Zinc Proteinate, Copper Proteinate, Manganese Proteinate
脂肪及其保鲜剂:OK
肉类:
  质优(鱼类Menhaden Fish Meal没有找到ethoxyquin-free的声明,不过不在前五项之内,量不大,勉强接受.)
  量不是很足,但还是能满足需求.
      之前的5星第一二五项是肉产品就被认为量足,
      而这个4星的第一二三项都是肉产品却被认为量不是很足.
      为什么呢?
      留意5星用的全是肉粉,而4星只有第二项是肉粉.
      别忘了,肉粉的含肉量要高于鲜肉,因为鲜肉含75-80%的水份
谷类:
  质优
  量有点偏多,但在能接受(但第四五六项都是谷类)
小评:总的来说,还不错嘛!

某3星级狗粮成分表:
Chicken Meal, Ground Whole Brown Rice, Oatmeal, Ground Whole Rice, Chicken Fat (Preserved with Mixed Tocopherols and Ascorbic Acid), Rice Bran, Chicken Cartilage(Natural Source of Chondroitin Sulfate and Glucosamine), Flax Seed, Herring Meal,Oat Bran, Avocado Meal, Dried Alfalfa Meal, Natural Flavor, Avocado Oil, Lecithin,Rosemary Extract, Sage Extract, Bromelain, Papain, Dried Bacillus Subtilis Fermentation Product, Dried Aspergillus Oryzae Fermentation Product, Monosodium Phosphate, Choline Chloride, Ferrous Sulfate, DL-Alpha Tocopherol Acetate (Source of Vitamin E),Zinc Oxide, Sodium Selenite, Manganous Oxide, Riboflavin Supplement (Source of Vitamin B Complex), Copper Sulfate, Zinc Methionine, Iron Proteinate, Manganese Proteinate, Copper Proteinate, Cobalt Proteinate, Niacin, Vitamin B12 Supplement, Vitamin A Supplement, Calcium Pantothenate, Biotin, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (Source of Vitamin B6), Calcium Iodate, Thiamine Mononitrate (Source of Vitamin B1), Folic Acid, Vitamin D3 Supplement.
脂肪及其保鲜剂:OK
肉类:
  质优
  量不足(前五项中只有第一项是肉产品)
谷类:
  质优
  量过多(第二三四项都是谷类)
小评:虽然有些地方不理想,但只要每个星期给狗狗加一两次肉,也能补救过来.

某2星级狗粮成分表:
Chicken, Chicken By-Product Meal, Corn Meal, Ground Whole Grain Sorghum, Ground Whole Grain Barley, Fish Meal (source of fish oil), Chicken Fat (preserved with Mixed Tocopherols, a source of vitamin E, and Citric Acid), Brewers Rice, Natural Natural Chicken Flavor, Dried Beet Pulp (sugar removed), Dried Egg Product, Brewers Dried Yeast, Salt, Potassium Chloride, Sodium Hexametaphosphate, Calcium Carbonate, Flax Meal, Choline Chloride, Ferrous Sulfate, DL-Methionine, Vitamin E Supplement, Zinc Oxide, Ascorbic Acid, Manganese Sulfate, Copper Sulfate, Manganous Oxide, Vitamin A Acetate,Calcium Pantothenate,Biotin, Rosemary Extract, Vitamin B12 Supplement,Thiamine Mononitrate (source of Vitamin B1), Niacin, Riboflavin Supplement (source of Vitamin B2),Inositol, Pyridoxine Hydrochloride (source of Vitamin B6), Beta-carotene, Vitamin D3 Supplement, Potassium Iodide, Folic Acid, Cobalt Carbonate.  
脂肪及其保鲜剂:OK
肉类:
  质量优劣掺杂(第一项优质,第二项By-Product劣质,鱼粉Fish Meal没有说明种类,同时没有找到ethoxyquin-free的声明,不过不在前五项之内)
  量不足(只有第一项是优质肉产品)
谷类:
  少数优质,多数低质(第三四项低质,只有第五项优质)
  量过多(第三四五项都是谷类)
小评:不怎么样...

某1星级狗粮成分表:
Ground Whole Corn, Meat and Bone Meal (Natural Source of Calcium), Chicken By-product Meal (Natural Source of Glucosamine), Corn Gluten Meal, Rice, Animal Fat (Preserved with BHA/BHT), Wheat Flour, Dried Beet Pulp, Natural Flavor, Salt, Potassium Chloride, Wheat Mill Run,Caramel Color, Vegetable Oil (Source of Linoleic Acid),Vitamins (Choline Chloride, dl-alpha Tocopherol Acetate [Source of Vitamin E], L-ascorbyl-2-polyphosphate [Source of Vitamin C], Vitamin A Supplement, Thiamine Mononitrate [Vitamin B1], Biotin, d-Calcium Pantothenate, Riboflavin Supplement [Vitamin B2], Vitamin D3 Supplement, Vitamin B12 Supplement), Minerals (Zinc Sulfate, Zinc Proteinate, Copper Sulfate, Copper Proteinate, Manganese Proteinate, Potassium Iodide), Iron Oxide, Added FD&C and Lake Colors (Yellow 6, Yellow 5, Blue 2, Red 40).
脂肪及其保鲜剂:
  脂肪没有标明动物的种类(Animal fat)
  含有害保鲜剂(Preserved with BHA/BHT)
肉类:
  质低(第二项Meat and Bone Meal和第三项By-product质低)
  量不严重足(前五项中出现的两种肉产品都是低质的)
谷类:
  少数优质,多数低质(第一四项低质,只有第五项优质)
  用量太多(第一项就是谷类! 接着第四五项也是)
小评:WDJ杂志曾经点名不推荐的
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